Nanoparticles as a Novel Drug Delivery System: a Review

For the past few years, there has been a considerable research on the basis of Novel drug delivery system, using particulate vesicle systems as such drug carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoparticles, Liposomes, Microspheres, Niosomes, Pronisomes, Ethosomes, Proliposomes have been used as drug carrier in vesicle drug delivery system. Various polymers have been used in the formation of Nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have been improving the therapeutic effect of drugs and minimize the side effects. Basically, Nanoparticles have been prepared by using various techniques as such dispersion of preformed polymers, polymerization of monomers and ionic gelation or co-acervation of hydrophilic polymer. In a past research of work of nanomedicines these have been particularly used for cell repair, antimicrobial techniques, anticancer therapy, gene delivery system, vector cell repair, nanorobot for chromosome repair therapy. Sometimes the Nanoparticles are likely to be unsafe for the biological system. Nanoparticles have been evaluated by using parameters of drug entrapment efficiency, particle shape, drug release study.